The Adoption of 5G wireless networks
The advancement in wireless network technology has increased the speed of data transfer across networks and devices. The first-generation (1G) technology was the most basic and only allowed for phone calls. The second-generation (2G) technology had additional capabilities such as text messaging with speeds of up to 2 megabits per second. The third-generation (3G) technology is the basis of what we do most of the time– writing emails, web browsing and media sharing. 4G technology has even higher standards such as peak speeds of at least 100 megabytes to 1gigabite per second in mobile devices. The fifth-generation (5G) technology is in the development phase with even more advanced standards that will revolutionize communication and internet use.

Basics of 5G Internet
5G networks are expected to increase the capacity of wireless network connectivity using high-frequency millimeter waves, which have frequencies ranging from 6GHz to 100GHz. 5G network trials are currently being conducted using a variety of bands within the range. 15GHz frequency band was used to live-test the network, which has a shorter coverage than the current 3G/4G networks. The Global System for Mobile Association (GSMA) came up with the following eight specifications for networks to be classified as 5G.
1. Data speeds of 1 to 10GB per second
2. An end-to-end latency of 1 millisecond or less
3. Bandwidth per unit area of 1000 times
4. 10 to 100 devices connected over the network at a given time
5. Network coverage of 100%
6. Energy usage reduction of over 90 percent
7. Battery life of up to 10 years for machine-type devices
8. 99.99% availability

How 5G internet will interact with IoT
5g internet will support the internet of things (IoT) applications to remotely control objects, such as parking of vehicles and remote surgery. Wireless charging is also expected to be boosted by this technology. Machine-to-machine communication will be possible as the 5g internet will assist in uniquely identifying inanimate objects through IP addresses assigned to them individually. The fast 5G network connectivity will aid the use of robotics and self-driving cars as data transmission will be simplified through reduced latency in cellular networks.

Speed benefits of 5G
5g networks are expected to reduce network response time through ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC). Devices will be more productive as 5G will carry a significant amount of data over the network with submillisecond latency increasing the productivity of such devices. Network service providers will also offer cellular services in 5G increasing the speed of downloads and file transfers while 5G will enable phones to be capable of running more complex internet-intensive apps than those currently supported by 3G and 4G networks.

How 5G will work with small groups of antennas
5G internet will be accessed inside residential and commercial premises using wireless broadbands installed inside the buildings. The broadbands will communicate directly with extremely high-frequency millimeter-wave radio signal antennas to be fixed on telephone poles, sides of buildings and on street lights. More base stations will be employed as the millimeter wave technology covers a shorter distance than that covered with the current 3G, 4G, and 4G LTE networks. The tiny millimeter waves will make it possible to use smaller antennas that use minimal power to operate, thus saving energy.

Benefits of 5G
1. A number of connections – the 5G internet will support a considerably higher number of wireless connections per square kilometer than 4G (up to a million).
2. Spectral efficiency – The cost of data transmission over the 5G networks will be significantly reduced as massive amounts of data will be transmitted per unit of time. Energy efficiency will also result from employing the millimeter wave technology.
3. Reduced human exertions–Internet of Things (IoT) through applications run using 5G wireless technology such as machine to machine communication will reduce the need for human input in performing some tasks
4. Speed in communication– the 5G internet connectivity is about improvements in the speed of relaying information and data.5G internet will transmit data faster than 10 times the speed of today’s fastest wireless networks, 4G LTE. Web pages will load immediately on the click of a button, thus saving time for the internet users.

Info sources for this article:
https://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/4g-vs-lte/
https://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/feature/Understand-the-basics-of-5G-wireless-networks
https://www.techworld.com/apps-wearables/what-is-5g-everything-you-need-know-about-5g-3634921/
https://www.cio.com/article/3226451/networking/5g-a-few-frequency-facts.html

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